TL;DR
Desktops usually give more speed and power for the same money because they use
bigger, cheaper parts and are easier to upgrade. Laptops cost more because
they include a screen, battery, and smaller custom parts that are expensive to
design.
Why this happens
1. Cooling and power
Desktops have room for bigger fans and larger heat sinks. They can use fuller power limits. That means parts can run faster for longer. Laptops must keep heat and power low because they are small and sit on your lap. So a laptop with the same chip often runs slower.
2. Extra parts in laptops add cost
A laptop always includes a screen, keyboard, trackpad, battery, and a light but strong case. Those items are useful. They also add to the price. With a desktop you can use a separate monitor or keyboard you already own. More of your money then goes to the main computer parts.
3. Standard parts and upgrades make desktops cheaper
Desktop parts use common sizes and connections. Many brands make these parts. That creates more competition and better prices. You can also replace one part later without replacing the whole computer. Laptops often use custom or smaller parts so upgrades are limited and repairs can be costly.
4. Designing small laptops costs more
Making a laptop that is thin, light and quiet needs special parts and careful design. Parts must use less power and produce less heat. That special work and the smaller components cost more. For the same price a desktop can give more sustained performance.
5. Small desktops are an in-between choice
Mini-PCs and small desktop boxes are getting better. They are not as easy to upgrade as large towers. Still they can give higher performance per dollar than many laptops. They are a good option if you want a small box that stays on your desk.
When a laptop is the better choice
If you travel often or move between places a laptop is worth the extra cost. Laptops are also useful when you need the screen and battery built in. For web browsing, office work, videos and casual games most laptops are fine for everyday use.
Checklist to decide
- Need top performance per price and upgrades later? Choose a desktop most of the time.
- Want something small that still sits on your desk? Consider a mini-PC.
- Carry the computer every day? A laptop is worth paying more for.
- Care about easy repairs and part replacement? Desktops are usually cheaper to fix.
Bottom line
If you want the best performance for your money and plan to keep the machine for many years a desktop often gives better value. If portability matters more then a laptop is the right tool even if it costs more for the same raw speed.
Read also: Why Are Laptops and Smartphones Priced So Similarly